Strength training for baseball players is an integral part of preparing for the demands of the game. A solid baseball strength program enhances the physical attributes that lead to better performance, injury prevention, and overall athletic development. For high school players, it’s not just about lifting weights—it’s about understanding and applying key principles that ensure their training aligns with the unique demands of baseball.
Let’s break down the essential principles of strength training for baseball players, emphasizing specificity, periodization, and balance to help athletes unlock their full potential.
1. Specificity: Training Movements That Translate to the Game
In baseball, every action—whether it’s swinging a bat, throwing a pitch, or sprinting to steal a base—requires coordinated, explosive movements. The principle of specificity emphasizes training patterns and muscles that directly enhance these actions.
Movement Patterns Over Muscle Isolation
Unlike bodybuilding, which focuses on individual muscle groups, strength training for baseball emphasizes movement patterns that mimic game situations. Examples include:
Rotational Movements: Medicine ball throws, Russian twists, and cable chops build rotational power for hitting and throwing.
Single-Leg Stability: Exercises like Bulgarian split squats and single-leg deadlifts improve balance and strength for running and fielding.
Explosive Power: Plyometric exercises such as box jumps and broad jumps enhance sprint speed and agility.
Energy System Training
Baseball primarily relies on short bursts of high-intensity effort, like sprinting or throwing, followed by periods of rest. Conditioning programs should mirror these demands by incorporating explosive, anaerobic training like sprints, rather than long-distance running that builds endurance but doesn’t translate well to the sport.
2. Periodization: Structuring Training for Year-Round Success
Periodization refers to organizing training into specific phases, each with a distinct focus, to optimize performance and recovery. For baseball players, it’s crucial to align training phases with the sport’s calendar.
Off-Season: Building the Foundation
The off-season is the ideal time for high school players to focus on building strength and addressing imbalances or weaknesses.
Primary Focus: Heavy compound lifts like squats, deadlifts, and bench presses to build overall strength.
Volume and Intensity: Higher volume and moderate intensity, gradually increasing the load over time.
Supplementary Work: Rotator cuff exercises and mobility drills to prevent injuries.
Pre-Season: Transitioning to Power and Speed
As the season approaches, the focus shifts to converting strength into sport-specific power.
Primary Focus: Explosive movements like power cleans, jump squats, and medicine ball throws.
Volume and Intensity: Lower volume but higher intensity, emphasizing quality over quantity.
Conditioning: Sprints and agility drills to prepare for the dynamic demands of the game.
In-Season: Maintaining Strength and Recovery
During the season, players must maintain the strength and power they’ve built while avoiding overtraining.
Primary Focus: Maintenance of strength through lighter weightlifting sessions (1–2 times per week).
Volume and Intensity: Reduced volume and intensity to prevent fatigue.
Recovery: Emphasis on mobility, stretching, and proper rest to handle the grind of the season.
Post-Season: Recovery and Assessment
After the season ends, players should focus on recovery while evaluating their progress and planning for the next cycle. This phase includes light training, mobility work, and an honest assessment of strengths and weaknesses.
3. Balance: Avoiding Overuse and Promoting Total Athleticism
Baseball players are prone to imbalances due to the repetitive nature of the sport, such as throwing with one arm or constantly rotating in one direction. Strength training programs must address these asymmetries to promote overall athleticism and reduce the risk of injury.
Balancing Push and Pull Movements
For every pushing exercise (e.g., push-up), there should be a corresponding pulling exercise (e.g., rows) to balance the muscles of the chest and back. This is especially important for shoulder health, as pitchers and throwers often have overdeveloped anterior (front) muscles compared to posterior (back) muscles.
Training the Posterior Chain
The posterior chain (glutes, hamstrings, and lower back) plays a critical role in explosive movements like sprinting and pitching. Incorporating exercises like Romanian deadlifts, hip thrusts, and kettlebell swings ensures the posterior chain is not neglected.
Core Stability Over Crunches
While many athletes associate core training with endless crunches, baseball players benefit more from exercises that build core stability and rotational strength.
Anti-Rotation Exercises: Pallof presses and side planks train the core to resist unwanted movement.
Rotational Power: Cable chops and medicine ball rotational throws mimic the mechanics of hitting and throwing.
4. Mobility and Flexibility: The Unsung Heroes of Strength Training
Baseball requires significant mobility in the hips, shoulders, and thoracic spine to perform at a high level. Baseball strength training programs must incorporate exercises that enhance flexibility and range of motion while maintaining joint stability.
Dynamic Warm-Ups
Before every workout or practice, athletes should perform dynamic warm-ups that prepare their bodies for the specific demands of the sport.
Shoulder Health
Throwing places a significant strain on the shoulder joint. Mobility drills like band pull-aparts, scapular wall slides, and shoulder dislocations improve range of motion and reduce injury risk.
Hip Mobility
The hips generate much of the power for hitting and throwing. Exercises like deep squats, quadruped hip circles, and hip flexor stretches improve mobility and power output.
5. Recovery: The Foundation of Progress
Strength gains occur during recovery, not during the workout itself. Baseball players must prioritize recovery to maximize the benefits of their training and avoid overtraining.
Sleep and Nutrition
Sleep: Athletes should aim for 8–10 hours of quality sleep per night to facilitate muscle repair and growth.
Nutrition: A balanced diet rich in protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats supports energy needs and recovery. Post-workout snacks or meals with a combination of protein and carbs are particularly beneficial.
Active Recovery
On rest days, athletes can engage in light activities to promote blood flow and reduce muscle soreness without overloading the body.
Monitoring Fatigue
Coaches and trainers should monitor players for signs of overtraining, such as decreased performance, prolonged soreness, or lack of motivation. Adjustments to the training load, frequency, or timing may be necessary to ensure recovery.
Training Smarter, Not Just Harder
The key principles of strength training for baseball—specificity, periodization, and balance—lay the foundation for a program that improves performance, reduces injury risk, and fosters long-term development. By aligning training with the unique demands of the sport, athletes can build explosive power, enhance mobility, and maintain their health through rigorous seasons.
Strength training is a powerful tool for baseball players looking to enhance their performance, whether it’s increasing swing power, boosting throwing velocity, or improving overall agility on the field. However, not all strength training is created equal, and certain mistakes can actually hinder progress or lead to injury. Let’s explore five common strength training pitfalls that baseball players encounter—and, more importantly, how to avoid them. By understanding these missteps and incorporating the right training strategies, players can build the strength, flexibility, and resilience needed to excel at every level of the game.
Overemphasizing Upper Body Work
The Mistake: Many baseball players prioritize upper-body strength, thinking that stronger arms, shoulders, or chest muscles alone will improve their swing or throwing speed. However, an overemphasis on the upper body often creates muscle imbalances, reduces flexibility, and can increase the risk of injury, especially in the shoulder and elbow joints. Baseball is a full-body sport that relies on a coordinated transfer of power from the legs, through the core, and into the upper body.
How to Avoid It: A balanced strength training program should incorporate lower-body and core exercises to develop a stable foundation. Exercises like squats, lunges, and deadlifts build the lower body strength that powers explosive baseball movements. Core exercises like Russian twists and rotational planks enhance the transfer of power through the torso, directly benefiting hitting and throwing mechanics.
Example Routine: Incorporate lower-body exercises like hex bar deadlifts and goblet squats twice a week, paired with core-strengthening moves to improve balance and stability.
Ignoring Mobility and Flexibility
The Mistake: In the pursuit of strength gains, flexibility and mobility often get left behind. For baseball players, maintaining range of motion in key areas—such as the shoulders, hips, and thoracic spine—is critical. A lack of mobility can lead to reduced performance and a greater risk of injury, particularly for pitchers who require a high degree of shoulder flexibility and for hitters who depend on rotational movement.
How to Avoid It: Incorporate mobility exercises into both warm-up and cooldown routines. Stretching, dynamic warm-ups, and exercises targeting hip mobility and shoulder stability should be a regular part of training. Work on exercises like shoulder pass-throughs with a resistance band, hip flexor stretches, and T-spine twists to maintain flexibility in these key areas.
Example Routine: A simple 10-minute dynamic warm-up focusing on hip and shoulder mobility can go a long way in maintaining flexibility and preventing injury.
Overdoing Heavy Lifting During the Season
The Mistake: Baseball players who continue intense, heavy lifting during the season often experience fatigue, soreness, and even burnout, which can negatively affect game-day performance. It’s important to remember that while off-season training focuses on building strength, the in-season focus should shift toward maintaining strength without excessive fatigue.
How to Avoid It: Transition to maintenance strength work during the season, prioritizing lighter loads, higher reps, and reduced frequency. In-season training should aim to keep the body strong and resilient without wearing down energy reserves. Focus on compound lifts at a lower intensity and incorporate stability and bodyweight exercises.
Example Routine: Perform a 2-day in-season strength routine with lighter weight and higher reps, focusing on full-body stability exercises like kettlebell goblet squats and push-ups.
Neglecting Core and Rotational Training
The Mistake: Core strength and rotational power are crucial for baseball players, but many overlook these areas in favor of traditional upper-body and lower-body exercises. Neglecting core training means missing out on the benefits of improved stability and balance, which are essential for swinging a bat, throwing a pitch, and sprinting on the field.
How to Avoid It: Incorporate specific core exercises that emphasize rotational strength and anti-rotation stability. Medicine ball exercises, such as side slams and rotational throws, directly target the core in a way that mimics baseball movements. Anti-rotation exercises like the pallof press or plank variations are also effective at building core stability without excessive strain on the lower back.
Example Routine: Add medicine ball side slams and cable rotations to your regular workout to build the rotational power necessary for a strong swing.
Skipping Recovery
The Mistake: Many athletes underestimate the importance of rest and recovery, especially young players who are eager to improve. Overtraining and skipping recovery can lead to overuse injuries, muscle fatigue, and even a decline in performance.
How to Avoid It: Emphasize the importance of rest and recovery in your routine. This includes taking full rest days, getting adequate sleep, and engaging in light recovery activities like stretching or foam rolling. Active recovery helps the muscles rebuild and prevents fatigue from accumulating over the season. Additionally, nutrition plays a role in recovery—ensuring players are properly hydrated and consuming enough protein and carbohydrates will aid muscle repair and growth.
Example Routine: Dedicate at least one day a week to active recovery, focusing on light stretching, foam rolling, and mobility work to keep muscles flexible and prepared for the next workout.
Incorporating strength training into a baseball program can unlock significant gains in performance, but avoiding common mistakes is essential to making the most of those efforts. By keeping a balanced approach, prioritizing mobility, adjusting in-season intensity, focusing on core strength, and respecting recovery, baseball players can build strength that directly translates to improved game-day performance. Small adjustments in the weight room lead to big results on the field, setting players up for a strong, injury-resistant season. Remember, a well-rounded approach to strength training isn’t just about building muscle—it’s about becoming a better, more resilient athlete. Stick to these guidelines, and watch your game reach new heights!
If you are looking for a baseball off-season workout, then you are in the right place. We have already discussed general guidelines for a baseball training program, and then laid out a sample baseball off-season workout for Phase 1 and Phase 2. If you have not read those three different posts, then I would recommend going back to check them out before continuing.
Now, let’s take a look at Phase 3.
During the first two months of the off-season baseball players need to concentrate on their strength and conditioning and give their throwing arms some time off from throwing. While we recommend not throwing through Phase 3 as well, you can consider starting your throwing program later in the month. Waiting until November will give your arm a full 3 months of recovery from the stresses of throwing a baseball. That’s 25% of the year and can make a huge difference in how you feel and how well your arm “bounces back” when you do pick up a baseball again.
We’ll discuss the specifics of adding in a throwing program more in Phase 4.
Let’s take a look at the overall year again and discuss our goals for Phase 3. As seen below, the training year can be broken down into off-season, pre-season, and in-season segments. Within each season, you can break down the different months into 4 week phases.
Overall goals to keep in mind for the four phase baseball off-season are to recover from the previous season, rehabilitate existing/nagging injuries, and develop a strength and conditioning foundation for the following training year.
Unless injuries were season-ending, any nagging issues should begin to fade by the 3rd month of the off-season. So, for Phase 3 specifically, our goals will be, but are not limited to:
Evaluate Phase 2 and make necessary changes to general strength program.
Progress strength exercises where appropriate.
Upper body pulling exercises should balance out pushing exercises. Depending on the individual, some pushing exercises could be eliminated. Or, plan pulling vs. pushing exercises in a 2:1 ratio.
Increase volume of power-based movements such as medicine ball work and plyometrics
Consistently perform soft tissue and flexibility work.
Continue to hold off on any throwing. Or, start a light throwing regimen near the middle to end of the month. This will really vary depending on the individual.
Phase 3 begins where Phase 2 finishes. Depending on your training experience and level of fatigue at the end of Phase 2, you may want to consider a deload or recovery week prior to beginning Phase 3. Younger athletes with less training experience will not need that deload week as much as a ballplayer who has been training for 3-5 years. For the most part though, you need to take your own personal assessment of how you feel and make the call from there.
Off-Season Baseball Strength Program – Phase 3 Overview
The TP Quadballer is excellent for soft tissue work.
Each training day will include the following segments, and each segment will be done in the order listed:
Foam Roll/Soft Tissue Work
Pre-hab
Dynamic Warm-up
Strength Work
Conditioning
Post-Training Session Static Stretching
Foam Roll
For the purposes of this article and to make a smooth transition from the sample Phase 2 program, a 3-day per week program will be considered. Just remember, depending on the individual athlete and how the program is structured, a baseball off-season strength program can be anywhere from 2-5 days. Also, we have already discussed soft tissue work, pre-hab, and dynamic warm-up protocols in the sample Phase 1 post. So, if you would like to learn more about those aspects of the program, please review them here.
Sample Off-Season Baseball Strength Program – Phase 3
For Phase 3, be sure to train on non-consecutive days. You’ll want to give your body 36-48 hours to recover between training sessions. While the examples below will include conditioning on the same days as lifting, you could perform your baseball conditioning on non-lifting days. For example, if you strength train on Mon/Wed/Fri, you can perform you conditioning after your lifting session on those same days or on Tues/Thurs/Sat. If you decide to complete your lifting and conditioning on opposite days, be sure to have at least one day per week that is devoted completely to recovery. In this example, that would be Sunday. That means no strenuous activity. Either take the entire day off or focus just on soft tissue work and static stretching.
**We understand that you may not be familiar with many of the exercises listed below. A quick search will direct you to videos and explanations that can help you better understand the movements. However, just watching a video will not take the place of a qualified strength and conditioning coach who can demonstrate technique and properly correct form if there are any issues. When in doubt, do not perform the movement. Seek guidance and instruction. If any exercise causes pain, use common sense and do not do it.**
Day 1
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
When foam rolling or completing soft tissue work, be sure to listen to your body. It will tell you if certain areas need more or less focus. You can always spend longer on one area if need be.
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Set up two cones 10-15 yards. Start on one cone and move in the direction of the second. When you complete the required distance for a movement, jog back to the starting cone. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Walking Lunge – 1 x 10 yards
Reverse Lunge with Reach and Lean – 1 x 10 yards
Walking Knee Hugs – 1 x 10 yards
World’s Greatest Stretch with Rotation towards lead leg – 1 x 10 yards
Footwork/Movement Drills
Tall, Lean, and Fall Drill, 5 Yards – 1 each @ 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% effort
Crossover shuffle in place to 5 yard acceleration – 1 each @ 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% effort
2 over, 2 back in place to 5 yard acceleration – 1 each @ 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% effort
Lateral Shuffle – 1 x 10 yards each direction
Strength
Exercises listed below are paired in supersets. Training in supersets means that you will perform one set of the first listed exercise and then one set of the second listed exercise. Take 45-60 seconds of rest and then repeat for the second set of each. Continue this method until all sets in a given superset are completed. Then, move to the next two exercises that are paired together as a superset.
90 Degree Rotational Box Jump – 4 x 3 each
“Hot Feet” Medicine Ball Rotational Chest Pass – 4 x 3 each side
Cable Pallof Press – 2 x 5 each side; 3 sec hold each rep
Reverse Hyper – 2 x 10
Conditioning
Delayed Steal Sprints – With this specific conditioning drill you will get to work on your delayed steal technique while also mixing in some sprint work. Set up three cones – a start cone, a cone at 45 feet, and a cone at 90 feet. Assume the lead off position at the start cone. Pretend the pitcher has started his delivery and take two shuffles toward the second cone. The shuffles should be aggressive and cover as much ground as possible. Upon completion of the second shuffle, turn your hips and sprint. Complete your sprint through the prescribed distance. The first few sets really let you work on your acceleration.
2 x 45 feet – Sprint through the halfway cone and jog it out the remainder of the 90 feet. Walk back to the start cone for rest.
4 x 90 feet – Sprint through the 90 foot mark (not to it). Walk to the start cone for rest.
2 x 45 feet – Complete as described above.
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Day 2
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
1-leg Glute Bridge – 2 x 10 each side, hold last rep 10 seconds
Quadruped Opposites- 2 x 12 each side
90/90 Stretch – 2 x 6 each side
Rhythmic Stabilizations on wall– 2 x 10 seconds each arm
Side Plank – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Dynamic Warm-up
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Unlike previous warm-up routines listed, this particular warm-up is done in place with prescribed reps. You will also need a jump rope. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Jump Rope – 50 Singles
Reverse Lunge with Twist – 1 x 5 reps each
Jump Rope – Footwork, 50 Scissors
Jump Rope – Footwork, 50 Jumping Jacks
World’s Greatest Stretch with twist away from lead leg – 1 x 6 each
Reverse Inch Worms (in place) – 1 x 5
Jump Rope – Footwork, 50 High knees
Lateral Squat – 1 x 10 reps each
Jump Rope – 10-20 Double Unders
Strength
As with Day 1, exercises below are listed as supersets. In one instance, you will see a tri-set. Tri-sets are performed similar to supersets, but instead of two exercises back-to-back, you now have three.
45 Degree Lateral Bound – Continuous – 4 x 6
Rotational Medicine Ball Slam to the Front – 4 x 3 each side
Prone Stability Ball W’s – 3 x 8
Box Squat – 3 x 5
Feet Elevated Push-up – 3 x 10
Dynamic Hip Adductor Stretch – 2 x 8 each side
DB RDL – 3 x 6
Split Squat 1-arm Band Row – 3 x 10 each side
DB Goblet Lateral Lunge on Slideboard– 3 x 6 each side
Build-up Sprints – Build-up sprints start with the baseball player already in motion. In the example below, you will run a total of 60 yards, but only the second 30 yards at 100% effort. Set up cones, use a track, or perform in the outfield. Set up cones at 30 and 60 yards. When you perform the Build-Up sprints, begin your run at 50-75% effort. As you hit the halfway mark, increase your speed to 100% effort.
2 30-yard sprints at 50% effort
6 60-yard Build-Up sprints: first 30 yards at 75% effort, second 30 yards at 100% effort
2 30-yard Build-Up sprints: first 15 yards at 75% effort, second 15 yards at 100% effort
After each sprint, use your walk back to the starting line as your rest.
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Day 3
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
Quadruped Opposites – 2 x 30 second each side
Quadruped Hip Circles – 1 x 10 forward and backward each side
Lateral Squat – 1 x 10 each
TRX W’s – 2 x 12
Standing Rotations – 2 x 8 each side
Dynamic Warm-up
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Set up two cones 10-15 yards. Start on one cone and move in the direction of the second. When you complete the required distance for a movement, jog back to the starting cone. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Reverse Lunge with Reach and Lean- 1 x 10 yards
Quad Stretch with Toe Touch – 1 x 10 yards
World’s Greatest Stretch (twist optional) – 1 x 10 yards
Inch Worms – 1 x 10 yards
Straight Leg March – 1 x 10 yards
Straight Leg Skip – 1 x 10 yards
High Knees – 1 x 10 yards
Butt Kicks – 1 x 10 yards
High Skip – 1 x 10 yards
Lateral Shuffle – 1 x 10 yards each direction
Shuffle, Shuffle, Sprint – 2 x 10 yards each direction – 75% effort
Strength
Again, supersets and tri-sets are utilized similar to Day 2. The final two exercises/movements are listed by by themselves and not together. For the second to last movment, perform the first set, rest for 30-60 seconds, then repeat for the second set. Then, move to the final exercise and perform in the same manner.
90 Degree Rotational Broad Jump – 4 x 3 each direction
Medicine Ball Chest Pass– 4 x (5 x 5)
Rhythmic Stabilization (Throwing Position) – 2 x 10 seconds each – 90/90 position and follow through position
BB Glute Bridge – 3 x 8
Chin-up – 2 x 8, 2 x Max
DB Reverse Lunge to RDL – 3 x 5 each side
TRX Rotational Pull – 3 x 6 each
Wide Stance Anti-Rotation Chop – 2 x 10 each side
Hand March (plank position) – 2 x 20
Conditioning
Lateral Sled Drags – Attach a TRX strap or other handles to a sled. Turn sideways and hold the handle with one hand. Start by driving the knee of your trail leg up and across the front of your body. Drive it back through the ground to move laterally.
6 x 20 yards each direction; rest to full recovery between sets (at least 1-2 minutes, longer if needed)
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Week by Week Progressions
Remember, Phase 3 is one month in duration – 4 weeks. Each week you should be making small adjustments to each exercise so as to change the sets, reps, or weight. Here are some quick guidelines to help you make those progressions.
Power-based exercises such as jumps, bounds, and medicine ball throws should be adjusted minimally. Add one rep in Week 2, another in Week 3. For Week 4, return to the same rep scheme as Week 1.
The deadlift and box squat can be kept at 3 sets of 5 reps each week. Add 5 pounds each week to each lift.
For exercises involving dumbbells (DB) or cables, increase 6 reps to 8, and 8 reps to 10. Keep the weight the same when making these rep increases. After completing a week at 10 reps, return to 6 reps for the exercise, but increase the weight.
For bodyweight exercises such as those that use the TRX or no equipment at all, follow a similar method using 8, 10, and 12 as your rep increments.
Final Words
The sample Phase 3 program outlined above should give you a solid continuation from Phase 2 of your off-season baseball strength program. Phase 3 will continue to progress you to more advanced movements from Phase 2, challenge you a little more in your movement patterns and overall strength, and build upon the foundation of strength, mobility, and stability you have already built in Phases 1 and 2.
If you have any questions, feel free to contact us using the contact page on the menu above.
In a previous post, we laid out an extensive sample 3-day baseball off-season program. The popularity of the sample Phase 1 program prompted emails asking Baseball Training Methods, “What’s next?” Hence, the writing of this sample Phase 2 off-season program.
First and foremost, let’s remember that the off-season is the time of year baseball players need to concentrate on their strength and conditioning, especially in the early phases. Leave the ball and glove in your bag and give your throwing shoulder some time off from throwing.
Before we get to the workout, let’s take a look at the overall year again and discuss our goals for Phase 2. As seen below, the training year can be broken down into off-season, pre-season, and in-season segments. Within each season, you can break down the different months into 4 week phases.
Overall goals to keep in mind for the four phase baseball off-season are to recover from the previous season, rehabilitate existing/nagging injuries, and develop a strength and conditioning foundation for the following training year.
For Phase 2 specifically, our goals will be, but are not limited to:
Continue rehabilitation of any lingering injuries.
Evaluate Phase 1 and make necessary changes to general strength program.
Progress strength exercises where appropriate.
Stay consistent with soft tissue and flexibility work.
Continue to hold off on any throwing.
Phase 2 begins where Phase 1 finishes. Depending on your training experience and level of fatigue at the end of Phase 1, you may want to consider a deload or recovery week prior to beginning Phase 2. Younger athletes with less training experience will not need that deload week as much as a ballplayer who has been training for 3-5 years. For the most part though, you need to take your own personal assessment of how you feel and make the call from there.
Off-Season Baseball Strength Program – Phase 2 Overview
Each training day will include the following segments, and each segment will be done in the order listed:
Foam Roll/Soft Tissue Work
Pre-hab
Dynamic Warm-up
Strength Work
Conditioning
Post-Training Session Static Stretching
Foam Roll
For the purposes of this article and to make a smooth transition from the sample Phase 1 program, a 3-day per week program will be considered. Just remember, depending on the individual athlete and how the program is structured, a baseball off-season strength program can be anywhere from 2-5 days. Also, we have already discussed soft tissue work, pre-hab, and dynamic warm-up protocols in the sample Phase 1 post. So, if you would like to learn more about those aspects of the program, please review them here.
Sample Off-Season Baseball Strength Program – Phase 2
For Phase 2, be sure to train on non-consecutive days. You’ll want to give your body 36-48 hours to recover between training sessions. While the examples below will include conditioning on the same days as lifting, you could perform your baseball conditioning on non-lifting days. For example, if you strength train on Mon/Wed/Fri, you can perform you conditioning after your lifting session on those same days or on Tues/Thurs/Sat. If you decide to complete your lifting and conditioning on opposite days, be sure to have at least one day per week that is devoted completely to recovery. In this example, that would be Sunday. That means no strenuous activity. Either take the entire day off or focus just on soft tissue work and static stretching.
**We understand that you may not be familiar with many of the exercises listed below. A quick search will direct you to videos and explanations that can help you better understand the movements. However, just watching a video will not take the place of a qualified strength and conditioning coach who can demonstrate technique and properly correct form if there are any issues. When in doubt, do not perform the movement. Seek guidance and instruction. If any exercise causes pain, use common sense and do not do it.**
Day 1
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
When foam rolling or completing soft tissue work, be sure to listen to your body. It will tell you if certain areas need more or less focus. You can always spend longer on one area if need be.
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Set up two cones 10-15 yards. Start on one cone and move in the direction of the second. When you complete the required distance for a movement, jog back to the starting cone. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Reverse Lunge with Twist – 1 x 10 yards
Inverted Hamstring Stretch – 1 x 10 yards
World’s Greatest Stretch – 1 x 10 yards
Inch Worms – 1 x 10 yards
Straight Leg March – 1 x 10 yards
High Knees – 1 x 10 yards
Butt Kicks – 1 x 10 yards
Lateral Shuffle – 1 x 10 yards each direction
Strength
Exercises listed below are paired in supersets. Training in supersets means that you will perform one set of the first listed exercise and then one set of the second listed exercise. Take 45-60 seconds of rest and then repeat for the second set of each. Continue this method until all sets in a given superset are completed. Then, move to the next two exercises that are paired together as a superset.
Box Jump – 1-leg Landing – 4 x 3 each
Medicine Ball Rotational Chest Pass – 4 x 5 each side
Trap Bar Deadlift – 3 x 5
Alternating DB Bench Press – 3 x 6 each
DB Reverse Lunge Off Box – 3 x 6 each
Inverted Row – Underhand Grip – 3 x 10
Glute/Ham Raise – 2 x 8
Forearm Wall Slide – 2 x 10
Cable Pallof Press – 2 x 10 each side
Reverse Hyper – 2 x 10
Conditioning
Shuttle Runs – Shuttle runs allow you to work on agility and change of direction. Set up two cones 10 yards apart. Begin at the start cone and sprint full speed to the second cone. Decelerate and change direction, then sprint back to the start. Performing the total assigned distance between the cones completes one rep. Rest 2-4 minutes and then complete the next set.
2 x 30 yards
2 x 40 yards
2 x 60 yards
4 x 20 yards
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Day 2
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
1-leg Glute Bridge – 2 x 10 each side
Quadruped Opposites- 2 x 12 each side
90/90 Stretch – 2 x 6 each side
Rhythmic Stabilizations – 2 x 10 seconds each arm
Side Plank – 1 x 45 seconds each side
Dynamic Warm-up
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Set up two cones 10-15 yards. Start on one cone and move in the direction of the second. When you complete the required distance for a movement, jog back to the starting cone. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Walking Lunge with Knee Hug – 1 x 10 yards
Walking Quad Stretch – 1 x 10 yards
World’s Greatest Stretch – 1 x 10 yards
Inch Worms – 1 x 10 yards
Lateral Lunge – 1 x 10 yards each direction
High Knees – 1 x 10 yards
Butt Kicks – 1 x 10 yards
A Skip – 1 x 10 yards
Lateral Shuffle – 1 x 10 yards each direction
Strength
As with Day 1, exercises below are listed as supersets. In one instance, you will see a tri-set. Tri-sets are performed similar to supersets, but instead of two exercises back-to-back, you now have three.
Lateral Bound – Continuous – 4 x 6
Rotational Medicine Ball Slam – 4 x 6
Prone Stability Ball T’s – 3 x 8
Box Squat – 3 x 5
Stability Ball Push-up Plus – 3 x 8
Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch – 2 x 60 seconds each side
Stability Ball ‘Stir the Pot’ – 2 x 10 each direction
Plate Holds – 2 x Max time
Conditioning
Build-up Sprints – Build-up sprints start with the baseball player already in motion. In the example below, you will run a total of 40 yards, but only the second 20 yards at 100% effort. Set up cones, use a track, or perform in the outfield. Set up cones at 20 and 40 yards. When you perform the Build-Up sprints, begin your run at 50-75% effort. As you hit the halfway mark, increase your speed to 100% effort.
2 20-yard sprints at 50% effort
8 40-yard Build-Up sprints: first 20 yards at 75% effort, second 20 yards at 100% effort
After each sprint, use your walk back to the starting line as your rest.
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Day 3
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Pre-hab
Perform the following movements in a circuit by completing one set of each exercise and then return to the start and complete any movements with additional sets.
Glute Bridge Hold – 2 x 30 second
Kneeling Dynamic Adductor Stretch – 2 x 6 each side
Lateral Squat – 1 x 10 each
Seated 2-arm Band External Rotation (No money drill) – 2 x 12
TRX Standing Rotations – 1 x 6 each side
Dynamic Warm-up
The following should take 10-12 minutes to complete. Set up two cones 10-15 yards. Start on one cone and move in the direction of the second. When you complete the required distance for a movement, jog back to the starting cone. Complete each movement deliberately. Do not just go through the motions.
Reverse Lunge with Twist- 1 x 10 yards
Quad Stretch with Toe Touch – 1 x 10 yards
World’s Greatest Stretch – 1 x 10 yards
Inch Worms – 1 x 10 yards
Straight Leg March – 1 x 10 yards
High Knees – 1 x 10 yards
Butt Kicks – 1 x 10 yards
A Skip – 1 x 10 yards
Lateral Shuffle – 1 x 10 yards each direction
Strength
Again, supersets and tri-sets are utilized similar to Day 2. The final two exercises/movements are listed by by themselves and not together. For the second to last movment, perform the first set, rest for 30-60 seconds, then repeat for the second set. Then, move to the final exercise and perform in the same manner.
Broad Jump – 1-leg Landing – 4 x 3 each
Medicine Ball Overhead Throw with Step – 4 x 3 each leg
Stability Ball Rhythmic Stabilization on Wall – 2 x 10 seconds each side
BB Glute Bridge – 3 x 8
Chin-up – 1 x 12, 1 x 10, 1 x 8
1-leg DB RDL – 3 x 6 each side
TRX 1-Arm Rotational Row – 3 x 8 each
Side Plank Touches – 2 x 15 each side
Ab Wheel – 2 x 10
Conditioning
Heavy Sled Drags – 6 x 30 yards; rest to full recovery between sets (at least 1-2 minutes, longer if needed)
Static Stretching
Hamstrings – 1 x 60 seconds each
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each
Piriformis Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Hip Flexor Stretch – 1 x 60 seconds each
Calves – 1 x 60 seconds each
Foam Roll
Glutes – 1 x 60 seconds each side
IT Band – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Quads – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Groin – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Hip Flexor/TFL – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Mid/Upper Back – 1 x 60 seconds each side
Week by Week Progressions
Remember, Phase 2 is one month in duration – 4 weeks. Each week you should be making small adjustments to each exercise so as to change the sets, reps, or weight. Here are some quick guidelines to help you make those progressions.
Power-based exercises such as jumps, bounds, and medicine ball throws should be adjusted minimally. Add one rep in Week 2, another in Week 3. For Week 4, return to the same rep scheme as Week 1.
The deadlift and box squat can be kept at 3 sets of 5 reps each week. Add 5 pounds each week to each lift.
For exercises involving dumbbells (DB) or cables, increase 6 reps to 8, and 8 reps to 10. Keep the weight the same when making these rep increases. After completing a week at 10 reps, return to 6 reps for the exercise, but increase the weight.
For bodyweight exercises such as those that use the TRX or no equipment at all, follow a similar method using 8, 10, and 12 as your rep increments.
Final Words
The sample Phase 2 program outlined above should give you a solid continuation from Phase 1 of your off-season baseball strength program. Phase 2 will allow you to progress to more advanced movements from Phase 1, continue to work on the basics by ironing out some inefficiencies in your movement patterns, and strengthen your foundation of strength, mobility, and stability even more.
If you have any questions, feel free to contact us using the contact page on the menu above.
Dynamic Warm-up